Iran's current government does not recognize Israel's legitimacy as a state and has called for its destruction; it views Palestine as the sole legitimate government of the historic Palestinian territories.

Since 2007, Israel and Hamas, along with other Palestinian militant groups based in Gaza, have engaged in conflict, including in four wars: in 2008–2009, 2012, 2014, and 2021.

According to NBC News, Iranian health ministry states that more than 2,500 people have been wounded. US-based organization HRANA reported, as of 22 June, 2025, 865 killed, including 215 military members, 363 civilians and 287 unidentified dead. 3,396 people were injured.